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遥感技术与应用  2019, Vol. 34 Issue (5): 1082-1090    DOI: 10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2019.5.1082
降水遥感观测专栏     
FY-4闪电资料在厦门强降水监测预警中的应用
张晓芸1(),魏鸣1(),潘佳文2
1.气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京信息工程大学,江苏 南京 210044
2.厦门市气象服务中心,福建 厦门 361012
Application of FY-4 Lightning Data in Monitoring and Warning a Heavy Precipitation in Xiamen on May 7, 2018
Xiaoyun Zhang1(),Ming Wei1(),Jiawen Pan2
1.Collaborative Innovation Center for Weather Disaster Prediction and Assessment,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China
2.Xiamen Meteorological Service Center,Xiamen 361012,China
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摘要:

FY-4上的闪电成像仪(Lightning Mapping Imager,LMI)从静止轨道平台对视场覆盖范围内的闪电进行连续不间断的观测,闪电资料为监测预警强对流天气提供了重要信息。为研究FY-4闪电资料监测预警强对流的能力,以2018年5月7日厦门暴雨为研究个例,利用FY-4闪电资料、FY-4亮温资料、厦门市自动气象站降水资料以及地面闪电定位网监测数据,研究闪电数据在强降水监测预警中的应用。结果表明:FY-4闪电资料与地基闪电进行数据融合,有效减少了天基与地基闪电产品各自数据的不完整性、不确定性和误差;闪电的移动轨迹与对流云团的移动轨迹相符,且在云团移动轨迹的前方;温度梯度较大的区域和深对流内,闪电强度较强;闪电强度与雨强成正比,且闪电频数峰值多出现在降水峰值前45 min左右。

关键词: FY-4静止卫星闪电成像仪闪电强度强降水数据融合    
Abstract:

Research shows that lightning activity is generally ahead of the strong convection center, and strong lightning activity has a good correspondence with heavy precipitation. It is of great significance to apply lightning data in severe weather monitoring on a large scale. A dense network of lightning monitoring stations has been established in China at present, it provides accurate location and frequency of lightning that occurs nearby. But it’s difficult to give a comprehensive lightning distribution image, due to the limit of ground environment. In the field of view from the static orbit platform, the Lightning Mapping Imager (LMI) on FY4 makes up for the lack of ground monitoring and provides important information for severe convective weather monitoring while making continuous and uninterrupted observation of lightning. Taking the rainstorm in Xiamen on May 7, 2018 as a case study, FY-4 bright temperature data, automatic weather station precipitation data and the fusion data of FY-4 lightning data and ground lightning location network data are used to analyze the application of lightning data in monitoring and warning heavy precipitation. The study shows that data fusion of FY-4 lightning data and ground lightning can effectively reduce the incompleteness, uncertainty and error of the respective data of the both. The moving track of lightning is consistent with that of convective cloud, and the former always lies ahead of the latter. The intensity of lightning is stronger in deep convection and areas with large temperature gradient, and it is positively proportional to the intensity of rain. The peak frequency of lightning mostly occurs about 45 minutes before the peak of precipitation.

Key words: FY-4 stationary satellite    Lightning mapping imager    Lightning intensity    Heavy precipitation    Data fusion
收稿日期: 2018-09-07 出版日期: 2019-12-05
ZTFLH:  P457  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(41675029);国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2013CB430102)
通讯作者: 魏鸣     E-mail: 470302152@qq.comn;mingwei@nuist.edu.cn
作者简介: 张晓芸(1995-),女,江苏苏州人,硕士研究生,主要从事大气遥感研究。E?mail:470302152@qq.comn
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引用本文:

张晓芸,魏鸣,潘佳文. FY-4闪电资料在厦门强降水监测预警中的应用[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2019, 34(5): 1082-1090.

Xiaoyun Zhang,Ming Wei,Jiawen Pan. Application of FY-4 Lightning Data in Monitoring and Warning a Heavy Precipitation in Xiamen on May 7, 2018. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2019, 34(5): 1082-1090.

链接本文:

http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2019.5.1082        http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V34/I5/1082

图1  FY-4号卫星在轨状态
波段波长/μm空间分辨率/km通道主要用途
10.471~2小粒子气溶胶,真彩色合成
20.650.5~2植被,图像导航配准恒星观测
30.831-2植被,水面上空气溶胶
41.372卷云
51.612低云/雪识别,水云/冰云判识
62.222~4卷云、气溶胶,粒子大小
73.72(高)2云等高反照率目标,火点
83.72(低)4低反照率目标,地表
96.254高层水汽
107.104中层水汽
118.504总水汽、云
1210.84云、地表温度等
1312.04云、总水汽量,地表温度
1413.54云、水汽
表1  AGRI各波段波长、空间分辨率及主要用途[12]
空间分辨率7.8 km(星下点)
探测器规模400×300×2
中心波长777.4 nm
带宽1 nm±0.1 nm
探测率>90%
虚警率<10%
动态范围>100
信噪比>6
帧频2 ms
量化等级12比特
测量误差10%
表2  FY-4上搭载的LMI的性能指标[12]
图2  厦门市169个气象站点分布
图3  地基天基闪电数据融合流程图
图4  福建省厦门市5月7日强降水分布
图5  天基与地基闪电数据融合结果
图6  云团中心移动路径
图7  对流云团与闪电移动过程
图8  厦门市降水量空间分布与闪电分布
图9  各时段闪电频数与站点峰值降水量
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