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遥感技术与应用  2020, Vol. 35 Issue (3): 527-536    DOI: 10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2020.3.0527
LUCC专栏     
近70 a天津主城区城市土地利用/覆盖变化遥感监测与时空分析
李智礼1,2(),匡文慧1(),张澍1,2
1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
Remote Sensing Monitoring and Spatiotemporal Pattern of Land Use/Cover Change in Built-up Area of Tianjin in the Past 70 Years
Zhili Li1,2(),Wenhui Kuang1(),Shu Zhang1,2
1.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern And Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences And Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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摘要:

城市扩展和城市土地不同地表覆盖组合对城市生态系统服务和人居环境质量产生重要的影响。基于历史地图、遥感图像和城市规划图等多源数据通过人工数字化解译、大数据运算和混合像元分解相结合的方法发展了城市地表覆盖/土地利用数据集,从而获取了天津城市1949~2018年不同时段城市扩展过程,实现了其内部结构城市不透水面和绿地空间像元组分的遥感制图,综合分析了1949年以来天津主城区城市阶段扩展速度、扩展强度及城市不透水面和绿地空间地表覆盖类型的时空变化特征,进而揭示了社会经济因素和政策因素对其影响。研究结果表明:天津主城区城市土地面积从1949年的49.15 km2增长到了2015年的663.39 km2。从时间变化来看,城市扩展经历了“加速—减速—加速—减速”4个阶段;城市扩展的方式呈现以主城区填充式、沿比邻交通干线的乡镇,呈现带状扩展规律;扩展伴随城市建成区内部绿地空间比率呈现增加的趋势,表明天津主城区城市生态绿化水平总体呈现提升的状况。

关键词: 城市扩展城市土地利用/覆盖不透水面天津遥感监测    
Abstract:

Urban land use/cover changes have an important impact on urban ecosystem services functions and the environmental quality of human settlements. This study mapped urban expansion process using the historical data, remote sensing images and urban planning maps, and acquired the urban impervious surface and green space fraction based on big data platform. We analyzed the process of Tianjin urban expansion rate, intensity and urban land cover change since 1949, and revealed the driving factors in the process of urban expansion with social economic and policy factors. The results showed that the built-up area increased from 49.15 km2 in 1949 to 663.39 km2 in 2015. The expansion has undergone four stages of "acceleration – deceleration – acceleration - deceleration"; the urban expansion mode presents the filled with built-up area and along with the neighboring transportation trunk lines. The proportion of green space in the built-up area is increasing, indicating that the urban ecological greening in the main urban area of Tianjin has been improved.

Key words: Urban expansion    Land use/cover change    Impervious surface    Tianjin area    Remote sensing monitoring
收稿日期: 2019-10-26 出版日期: 2020-07-10
ZTFLH:  TP79  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41871343);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA23100201)
通讯作者: 匡文慧     E-mail: lizl.17s@igsnrr.ac.cn;kuangwh@igsnrr.ac.cn
作者简介: 李智礼(1994-),女,湖南吉首人,硕士研究生,主要从事土地利用变化对生态环境影响研究。E?mail: lizl.17s@igsnrr.ac.cn
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引用本文:

李智礼,匡文慧,张澍. 近70 a天津主城区城市土地利用/覆盖变化遥感监测与时空分析[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2020, 35(3): 527-536.

Zhili Li,Wenhui Kuang,Shu Zhang. Remote Sensing Monitoring and Spatiotemporal Pattern of Land Use/Cover Change in Built-up Area of Tianjin in the Past 70 Years. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2020, 35(3): 527-536.

链接本文:

http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2020.3.0527        http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V35/I3/527

图1  研究区范围
图2  研究技术路线
图3  数据一致性对比
年份1949年1978年1990年2000年2010年2015年
城市土地面积(km249.15146.22257.57301.02600.82663.39
年份1949~1978年1978~1990年1990~2000年2000~2010年2010~2015年
年均扩张速度(km2/a)3.887.424.3529.9812.51
表1  天津主城区1949~2019年城市土地面积变化
图4  天津各区域不同阶段城市面积变化
图5  天津城市扩展强度的空间分布
图6  天津各区域不同阶段城市地表覆盖变化
图7  天津不同扩展阶段城市不透水面与绿地空间比例变化
图8  天津城市社会经济状况与城市扩展阶段(数据来源:《中国城市统计年鉴》)
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