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遥感技术与应用  2021, Vol. 36 Issue (5): 1155-1167    DOI: 10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2021.5.1155
遥感应用     
中缅边境典型城市扩张遥感动态监测及驱动力分析
李益敏1,2(),王东驰1,刘心知1,袁静1,赵志芳1,2,3()
1.云南大学 地球科学学院,云南 昆明 650500
2.云南省高校国产高分卫星遥感地质工程研究中心,云南 昆明 650500
3.自然资源部三江成矿作用及资源利用重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500
Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring and Driving Force Analysis of Typical Urban Expansion along the China-Myanmar Border
Yimin Li1,2(),Dongchi Wang1,Xinzhi Liu1,Jing Yuan1,Zhifang Zhao1,2,3()
1.Yunnan Universuty,School of Earth Science,Kunming 650500,China
2.Research Center of Domestic High-resolution Satellite Remote Sensing Geological Engineering,Kunming 650500,China
3.MNR Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration & Utilization,Kunming 650500,China
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摘要:

在“一带一路”背景下,当前针对边境城市建成区发展的研究尚不充分,特别境内外口岸毗邻城市的演化交互关系更有待挖掘。以中缅边境地区典型的口岸毗邻城市——瑞丽市和木姐市作为研究区,选取2012、2015和2018年遥感影像,采用城镇建筑用地指数提取两市建成区,从建成区扩张数量、空间分布格局和内部经济规模3个方面,分析瑞丽市开发开放试验区设立后的两市建成区动态变化特征,并对两市建成区演化的交互关系和扩张驱动因素进行探讨。结果表明:在自然环境、经济产业、政策规划、交通、口岸等因素的综合作用下,两市建成区扩张明显。瑞丽市城市西部扩张最为明显,东部次之,呈现“一体两翼”式扩张格局,逐渐从建成区外延转为内部填充及基础设施完善阶段;木姐市主要向西北和正东方向扩张,建成区保持较为明显的外延特征,但其内部土地集约利用水平不高。在交互协同发展过程中,瑞丽市占主导地位,木姐市处在依附地位。两市的快速协同扩张也体现了中缅两国政治经济的紧密交流和广阔的合作空间。

关键词: 中缅边境地区夜光遥感城市建成区扩张时空分析驱动力    
Abstract:

In the context of "One Belt, One Road", the current research on the development of built-up areas in border cities is insufficient, especially the expansionary interaction of cities adjacent to domestic and foreign ports needs to be explored. The cities of Ruili and Muse, which are typical border crossing cities in the China-Myanmar border region, are used as the study area. This study selects remote sensing images from 2012, 2015 and 2018, and extracts the built-up areas of the two cities using the Urban Construction Land Index to analyze the dynamic and changing characteristics of the built-up areas of the two cities after the establishment of the Ruili Development and Opening-Up Pilot Zone in terms of the number of expansions, spatial distribution patterns and internal economic scale. Furthermore, the interaction between the evolution of the two cities' built-up areas and the drivers of expansion are also discussed. The results show that under the combined effect of the natural environment, economic industry, policy planning, transportation, ports and other factors, the built-up areas of the two cities have expanded significantly. The expansion of Ruili is most obvious in the western part of the ubran, followed by the east, showing a "one body, two wings" expansion pattern, gradually shifting from the outer extension of built-up areas to the internal filling and infrastructure improvement stage. Muse is expanding mainly to the northwest and due east, and the built-up areas of the city maintain a more pronounced outward character, but the level of intensive land use within the city is low. In the process of interactive and coordinated development, Ruili is dominant and Muse is in a dependent position. The rapid synergistic expansion of the two cities also reflects the close political and economic exchanges and the vast scope for cooperation between China and Myanmar.

Key words: China-Myanmar border area    Remote sensing of nighttime light    Urban built-up areas expand    Spatio-temporal analysis    Driving forces
收稿日期: 2020-06-19 出版日期: 2021-12-07
ZTFLH:  TP79  
基金资助: 中国地质调查局地质调查项目“中印边境东段和中缅边境地区遥感地质解译”(DD20190545);中国地质调查局地质调查项目“西部边境亚东—西里古里和防城港—芒街重要通道地区1∶5万遥感地质数据集制作”(K20700200320)
通讯作者: 赵志芳     E-mail: liyimin1965@163.com;zzf_1002@163.com
作者简介: 李益敏(1983-),女,云南昆明人,教授,主要从事山地环境与灾害研究。E?mail: liyimin1965@163.com
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引用本文:

李益敏,王东驰,刘心知,袁静,赵志芳. 中缅边境典型城市扩张遥感动态监测及驱动力分析[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2021, 36(5): 1155-1167.

Yimin Li,Dongchi Wang,Xinzhi Liu,Jing Yuan,Zhifang Zhao. Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring and Driving Force Analysis of Typical Urban Expansion along the China-Myanmar Border. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2021, 36(5): 1155-1167.

链接本文:

http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2021.5.1155        http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V36/I5/1155

图1  研究区位置示意图审图号:GS(2019)3333 审图号:GS(2019)3266
数据类型数据名称数据信息数据来源预处理
遥感数据Landsat TM影像

时间:2018年2月、

2015年2月;

分辨率:30m;

轨道号:132/43;

云覆盖率:<1%

地理空间数据云辐射定标和大气校正, 用于提取研究区城市建成区扩张信息。
Landsat OLI影像

时间:2012年4月;

分辨率:30m;

轨道号:132/43;

云覆盖率:<1%

NPP-VIIRS夜光影像分辨率:500 m;相比DMSP-OLS夜间灯光数据,具有高清晰度和高灵敏度的优势,同时优化了灯光过饱和的问题,但也存在火光、废弃燃烧及背景噪声等短暂性干扰美国国家海洋和大气管理局对照谷歌影像选择水库、农田等无光处的辐射值作为最小阈值过滤噪声,同时去除非连续存在的异常象元以剔除短暂光源。并将各年月份数据组合成年均夜光影像,重采样为30 m分辨率后,用于辅助城市建成区提取和夜光规模分析。
GDEMV2 DEM数据分辨率:30m地理空间数据云数据拼接和统一坐标系
非遥感数据社会生产总值瑞丽市政府工作报告
三产占比
主要道路矢量国家基础地理信息中心数据库统一坐标系
行政区边界
口岸矢量姐告-木姐口岸目视解译
表1  数据信息及预处理情况
城市验证方式2012年2015年2018年

正确个数

(重叠面积/hm2

精度/%

正确个数

(重叠面积/hm2

精度/%

正确个数

(重叠面积/hm2

精度/%
瑞丽市验证点8787.008383.008282.00
VI1 972.3392.343 399.7488.014 586.3789.71
木姐市验证点9292.008686.008787.00
VI985.3194.631 509.2591.332 085.9591.71
表2  城市建成区提取精度验证
城市2012年2015年2018年
建成区面积/hm2建成区面积/hm2建成区面积/hm2
瑞丽2 135.943 976.525 112.44
木姐1 041.221 652.522 274.51
表3  瑞丽市、木姐市3期建成区面积
年份段2012~2015年2015~2018年
瑞丽市建成区面积总增量(hm21 840.581 135.92
建成区扩张速度(hm2/a)613.53378.64
木姐市建成区面积总增量(hm2611.30621.99
建成区扩张速度(hm2/a)203.77207.33
表4  瑞丽市、木姐市3期建成区扩张速度
图2  2012~2018年瑞丽市、木姐市建成区扩张过程审图号:GS(2019)3266
年份段2012~2015年2015~2018年2012~2018年
瑞丽市建成区扩张动态度28.72%9.52%23.23%
建成区扩张类别高速扩张慢速扩张快速扩张
木姐市建成区扩张动态度19.57%12.55%19.74%
建成区扩张类别中速扩张低速扩张中速扩张
表5  瑞丽市、木姐市建成区扩张动态度指数
城市年份经度纬度
瑞丽201297°52′8.90″24°0′34.71″
201597°51′48.18″24°0′39.71″
201897°51′34.06″24°0′36.87″
木姐201297°54′22.59″23°59′10.21″
201597°54′18.63″23°59′32.77″
201897°54′28.24″23°59′30.48″
表6  瑞丽市、木姐市3期建成区空间重心位置
图3  瑞丽市、木姐市空间重心位置变化
年份段总扩张面积/hm2凸壳内扩张面积/hm2凸壳外扩张面积/hm2扩张类型
瑞丽2012~20151 871.99666.341 205.65外延型
2015~20181 250.491 013.50236.99填充型
木姐2012~2015625.48222.76402.76外延型
2015~2018637.77362.88274.89填充型
表7  瑞丽市、木姐市城市空间扩张类型表
图4  瑞丽市、木姐市城市空间扩张类型图 审图号:GS(2019)3266
图5  瑞丽市、木姐市建成区各方向扩张面积贡献率
图6  研究区3期夜光遥感影像 审图号:GS(2019)3266
年份瑞丽市木姐市

夜光强度

指数

夜光均值

指数

夜光强度

指数

夜光均值

指数

2012年4 733.1816.72538.245.79
2015年5 418.9615.01870.146.85
2018年6 185.0316.841 067.116.39
表8  瑞丽市、木姐市3期夜光指数统计
图7  瑞丽市、木姐市建成区与地形的关系审图号:GS(2019)3266
年份瑞丽市木姐市
1级2级3级4级5级1级2级3级4级5级
2012年面积/hm21 510.47578.4545.571.450.00614.85372.3652.771.240.00
占比/%70.7227.082.130.070.0059.0535.765.070.120.00
2015年面积/hm22 435.441 277.91240.1422.150.88940.05584.14121.376.960.00
占比/%61.2432.146.040. 560.0256.8935.357.340.420.00
2018年面积/hm22 993.361 706.77371.5739.371.371 192.51842.85221.5017.650.00
占比/%58.5533.387.270.770.0352.4337.069.740.770.00
表9  瑞丽市、木姐市建成区在地形位等级上的分布 (hm2)
图8  瑞丽国家重点开发开放试验区功能分区审图号:GS(2019)3266
城市

距离

/km

2012~2015年 扩张面积/hm22015~2018年 扩张面积/hm2
瑞丽市0~11 044.55427.54
1~2486.65389.23
2~3205.30217.92
3以上104.08101.23
木姐市0~1298.15385.21
1~2319.72236.19
2以上0.000.59
表10  瑞丽市、木姐市建成区与主干公路的距离关系
图9  瑞丽市、木姐市PCRI变化
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