All weather and all time microwave remote sensing is one of most effective means to monitor natural disasters.Multi-channel brightness temperature from satellite-borne passive microwave remote sensing has played important role to retrieve quantitative physical information on global and regional weather and climate,atmospheric precipitation,land hydrology,oceanic surface winds,etc. However,during serious snowing and frost in usually warming southern China,January 2008,the operational algorithm of multi-channel brightness temperature failed to detect the snowing.In this paper,based on simulation of vector radiative transfer of a layer of snow,we present the characteristic indices of scattering and polarization differences,average indices in previous year under normal situation,and change of antecedent index.A new logic tree is presented to effectively detect the regional snow and frost disaster in southern China.
A multi-scale adaptive CFAR method is proposed to automatic detection and reconstruction of the objects with different size in urban area from multi-aspect SAR images.The sizes and locations of the objects such as the building and vehiles are evaluated and recorded during detection.Based on these records,the objects can be automatically matched in multi-aspect SAR images.As example,two images of opposite-aspect airborne PI-SAR flights are applied to scene reconstruction of the buildings and vehiles.
Sea-land segmentation is a basic premise of the SAR vessel detection.The tradition manual technique is precious.but it operates complex and is time-consuming.and the coastline detection algorithm is poor in noise resistance.which is not suitable for the coastal area of islands.In this paper.an automatic segmentation method is proposed.taking advantage of the geography information.overlapping SAR with shape layer of the same sea area and turning Sea-Land segmentation to the judgment of the polygon shape element in the shape layer.which operate automatically.Finally.we test the technique by Radarsat-1 and Alos-Palsar images.The automatic segmentation technique has almost no influence to the vessel detection.and the result is close to the one of the tradition manual method.besides.it runs faster.suitable for the real-time operation.
Spectral mixture analysis has been used to monitor and analyze urban surface compositions in recent years.Many of those urban researches select inland or coastal cities on flat plain as study areas,meanwhile water is masked off before spectral mixture analysis,to acquire acceptable results and conform to the conceptual model of urban composition named V-I-S(Vegetation-Impervious Surface-Soil).This paper took Xiamen as an example of hilly coastal cities,compared four spectral mixture analysis methods using Landsat TM image acquired on January 8,2007,and assessed their accuracy through visual interpretation of SPOT 5 image acquired on December 25,2006.Results show that 3-endmember methods masking water off would lead to spectral confusion between dark vegetation and impervious surface in such hilly coastal cites,while 4-endmember methods including water got better results.Spectral normalization could not improve the results remarkably.More tests should be carried out to find the optimal spectral mixture analysis methods for hilly coastal cities like Xiamen.
It is an important and basic work of remotely sensed data processing that optimal band selection influences the result of visual interpretation and the accuracy and efficiency of computer classification.The Guizhou karst mountainous area was studied,based on the OIF model,the optimal band selection of CBERS-CCD data in land use and land cover information extraction was obtained,and some useful conclusions were got: firstly,in the all possible three-band combinations,B3-4-1 with RGB is the best one for land use and land cover information extraction; secondly,the 5th band of CBERS-CCD data is very helpful to certain information extraction,such as paddy field and grassland,etc.And thirdly only the optimal band combination to extract information can not get enough classification precision and advanced information fusion and extraction methods to CBERS-CCD data needs to be exploited in the future.
Based on shipboard sun photometer POM-01 MKⅡ measurement of aerosol optical properties over East China Sea in 2006 and 2007,MODIS aerosol products,such as aerosol optical depth (AOD),| ngstm index and particle effective radius,are validated.AOD validation results show well agreement between two measurements with related coefficient (standard deviation (SD)) of 0.97 (0.08),and 73% data fall within the predicted uncertainty region (Δτ=±0.03±0.05τ); Related coefficient (SD) in spring and autumn all are 0.97 (0.08),and in northern Yellow Sea and southern Yellow Sea is 0.98 (0.08) and 0.76 (0.10) respectively.Related coefficient (SD) of | ngstm index validation results is 0.67(0.23); related coefficient (SD) in spring and autumn is 0.71 (0.27) and 0.62 (0.19),and in northern Yellow Sea and southern Yellow Sea is 0.87 (0.07) and 0.70 (0.30) respectively.Validation results of effective radius show larger uncertainty between MODIS and shipboard measurement than AOD and | ngstm index,and related coefficient (SD) is 0.31 (0.10).
The rapid development of urbanization spurred the production of more large cities and the expansion of urban area,which resulted in the deteriorated urban heat island.Satellite remote sensing imagery was used to estimate the spatial information of land surface temperature and vegetation index as well as land surface fluxes over the urban area in Xi'an city.In order to understand the inner mechanism of urban heat island,not only the relationship between land surface temperature and NDVI,but also the spatial structure of land surface fluxes also has been analysed in the built-in and suburb region.A practical evapotranspiration estimation algorithm and the mono-window algorithm were utilized to calculate land surface fluxes and temperature from Landsat ETM+ image respectively in this paper.The spatial characteristic of evapotranspiration factor was obtained with interpolation method according to the feature space of land surface temperature and NDVI,then the land surface fluxes and actual evapotranspiration could be acquired by combining with energy balance equation and Priestly-Taylor formula.The results showed that there were large differences of thermal environment between built-in and suburb area of Xi'an city,and land surface temperature not only was related with NDVI negatively,but also related with land surface latent heat fluxes and actual evapotranspiration negatively,meanwhile it also was related with land surface sensible heat fluxes and soil heat fluxes positively.Further detailed analysis indicated that more obvious urban heat island appeared over Lianhu district where more factories distributed,on the contrary,urban heat island phenomena became unapparent over Baqiao district where more vegetation covered.So it could be concluded that urban heat island could be monitored using Landsat ETM+ image in terms of land surface temperature,NDVI,land surface fluxes and actual evapotranspiration perfectly,which could provide better bases for reducing effects of urban heat island on human being's life.
Based on TM image acquired in winter,2009,the Land Surface Temperature (LST) of Xicheng district in Beijing was estimated by utilizing Mono-window algorithm,and the residential area's LST was obtained with the residential area distribution map,which was from SPOT5 classification.Then,TM6-inverted LST were verified through using residential districts' LST measured by thermal infrared imager.The results showed that: TM6-inversed and field-measured residential districts' LST correlated highly,with a high R2 (up to 0.8416).Therefore,TM6-inversed residential districts' LST can effectively reflect heat loss difference between different residential districts.Combined with the field survey information,such as construction structure,heating type,residential districts' energy saving assessment would be carried out scientifically.
Serious soil erosion is both the cause and the result of Eco-environment degradation in Chinese Loess Plateau.In this paper,the soil erosion of Zuli River Basin in 1999 and 2001 were estimated by modified SEMMED model which input the remote sensing data and observed precipitation data and under GIS environment.It indicates that the most serious soil erosion areas include Gejiacha,Caotan,Gejiazai and Jingyuan.The soil erosion in central and Southern part is less than that of Northern part.The Quwu Mountain,Yueliang Mountain and Huajialing have high vegetation cover and less soil erosion.The results suggest that the great annual fluctuation of soil erosion due to the fluctuation of precipitation.
This paper analyzed the reflectance spectrum data of the field measurement and Landsat TM reflectance spectrum data,taking the Chongmingdongtan tidal flat in the Yangtze River estuary as the study area.We found that the reflectance difference of vegetation was obvious in the NIR band,and the vegetation characteristics information was prominent which affected by water in the green band.Based on the above analyze results,we calculated nine typical vegetation indices,and put forward tri-band ratio vegetation index (TRVI) which adapted well to extract vegetation information in the study area.With this vegetation index,we extracted the typical objects by using decision tree classification.The result was satisfied.
The method of estimating biomass by remote sensing was studied in this paper.Integrating the field data and remote sensing images,the correlation of Landsat TM data and sample biomass was analyzed.The result shows that the Landsat TM spectral information can reflect the biomass level of the Three Gorges Region.Then Landsat TM is used to build up the biomass calculation model for the main vegetation types in the Three Gorges Region,in which mainly are conifer,hardwood,shrub and herbaceous vegetation.At last,the biomass of the Three Gorges Region in the year of 2002 is calculated using these models.
In this paper we analysed the quality of CCD data of HJ-1A/B and we made research on extraction experiment of land use information personally and automatically. Results indicate that HJ-1A/B CCD images satisfy the precision of 1∶100 000 digital orthograph images and CCD data of HJ-1A/B can be applied in 1∶100 000 land use remote sensing monitoring macroscopically.
Due to environment deterioration in Ejina Oasis,water division was brought into effect.When the downriver environment became better,the development of middle reaches was restricted.In this paper,using the information from MODIS vegetation index time serials data,we monitored the middle reaches of Heihe River Basin to obtain its land use and land cover data during 2000~2005.Based on the data,we analysed and compared the vegetation coverage area changing of two oasis(Zhangye and Jiuquan),and then evaluated influence of middle reaches of Heihe River Basin after carring out water devision.
There are many extraction methods based on TM images for getting water body information.However,most of them fail to eliminate the influence of shadow of mountain or building fast,accurately and objectively.The paper discussed and verified several commonly used extraction methods.Based on the Munsell HSV color transformation,a new model of water body information extraction (WEM: TM2-TM5>0 and Sat-Va>0) was established.It was testified that by WEM the influence of shadow can be eliminated thoroughly and accurate information of water body can be obtained.
Doing research on CN/SCAT which is the first onboard scatterometer of China will benefits for mastering of the technology of scatterometer systems and laying the solid foundations of HY-2.Many aspects of preprocess such as geo-location,transformation of physical quantity,surface area element registration,etc.are depicted in detail.These processes provide some references for HY-2.Meanwhile Sigma-0 browse product is produced suitably in the consideration of helping customers to browse the scatterometer data and acquire synoptic information about the interesting areas.It will also contribute to the service of HY-2 operation system.
IHS image fusion method causes spectral distortion due to spectral allocation error when a big spatial resolution difference exists between the multispectral image and the panchromatic one.Wavelet decomposition,with properties of frequency division in transform domain,has its results depended on fusion rules and algorithm.This paper focuses on modifying IHS method with wavelet decomposition.The experimental analysis demonstrates that low frequency component is correlated strongly with spectral information and high frequency embodies spatial information,which leads to the practical fusion rules and algorithms for both low and high frequency component.When applying the improved HIS-Wavelet fusion policy to BJ-1 multispectral and panchromatic images,we gain fused image with both high spatial definition and low spectral distortion,which indicates the effective removal of bad-effects on image fusion caused by big spatial resolution difference between multispectral image and panchromatic one.
The mixed-pixels exist in the remote sensing images widely,and the decomposition of these mixed pixels is difficult and hot point of remote sensing images processing.This article uses supervisory FCM algorithm to decompose mixed pixels in remote sensing images.We introduce improved means to select the initial cluster centers combine with experiential knowledge based on the traditional FCM algorithm.We use simulative data which are produced by depressed sampling of ETM image,ETM and MODIS images to test its performance.The tests find that it is useful and easy to decomposition of mixed pixels in multi-spectrum remote sensing images.
The spectrum of P-band is heavily used for commercial communication,radio broadcast and so on.So there will be Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) in received signals.To resolve the problem of RFI suppression,an approach which can preserve phase information is presented.It is based on sinusoidal parametric model and adopts threshold detection and iterative strategy.The approach can both suppress RFI and preserve phase information which is especially important for InSAR system.Results using simulation data shows high-performance of the algorithm.
The matching between SAR images is characterized by the rich texture of images and massive amount of computation,as well as the requirement of uniformly distribution for the matched points.After analysis the deficiencies of several common matching approaches,we propose a new algorithm for SAR image matching based on SURF,which can achieve sub-pixel accuracy.We then employ bidirectional search strategy and RANSAC algorithm to improve the accuracy and speed of searching correct matching points .Finally,we testify the validity of the method through affine model and quadratic polynomial model.
There are many spectral bands in MODIS images ,as well as the spatial resolution is 250 m for channels 1 and 2,which make it possible for large area medium resolution land cover mapping .In order to utilize the spatial and spectral information effectively,taking band 1(b1) and/or band 2(b2) as the high resolution images and using the remote sensing image fusion methods of SFIM、HPF and PCA etc to fuse band 3~7(b3~b7).The results of different fusion were evaluated by spectral fidelity and classification accuracy.It was found that all the 6 fusion results can enhance the land cover classification accuracy to different degree；The results of b2 are better than b1；SFIM transform can improve classification accuracy to a large extent with relative smaller spectra distortion.Therefore the SFIM transform with b2 can be used to improve the spatial resolution and accuracy of MODIS large areas land cover classification.
AReconstructing buildings aim at generating high-precision,automatic and realistic 3D models for the buildings,which have been researched as one of the focus problems in multiple fields such as photogrammetry,remote sensing,computer vision,pattern recognition and computer graphics for a long time.Thanks to the comprehensive application demands and developments of the related techniques,the researches on reconstructing and surveying buildings are being active and a mass of approaches are usable.The realization of reconstructing buildings are divided approximately into three main steps:① detecting the regions which include buildings,which will limit the following processes in the restricted regions and then reduce the complexity of the problem,②reconstructing 3D models of the buildings,the most critical step,in which two schemes are presented,such as the scheme based on parameter models and that based on generic models,and ③ improving the visualization,which make the models more real by mapping texture.Large numbers of classic approaches to solve the problems in above steps are analyzed in several aspects such as the automatic level,adaptation and complexity.In the whole process the second step occupies most of the content.In the end,according to the current progresses and more requirements,several open problems are enumerated,which need more efforts to propose an efficient approach,and then the imaginable ways to solve them are proposed.
Recently,Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) techniques have been much studies as hot research topics in the area of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR).In this paper,the effect of the different polarization channels on SAR imaging of vessel,sea,and tracking are introduced firstly,and then the characteristics of all kinds of polarimetric SAR techniques on vessel detection are illustrated and summarized.Finally,the application development of polarimetric SAR techniques is analyzed.
With the development of remote sensing,vegetation coverage,which is a quantitative parameter for vegetation growth and coverageconditions,has been widely applied in the fields such as agricultural,environmental and ecological studies.This paper has introduced the important role and significance of vegetation coverage,and narrated its research status and remote sensing data sources.Besides it also discussed the methods of estimating vegetation coverage based on remote sensing data and its advantages and disadvantages mainly from the statistical model,physical model,FCD model and so on.The future trend of its study has been prospected.
The information of 15 international journals on remote sensing covered by SCI-E, is introduced by the tables. Among them, the information 6 kinds journals covered by SCI are fully elucidated. The information includes the names of the journals in English and Chinese, the cycles of the issues, the numbers of the original edition, the latest impact factors, the international standard serials numbers, the publishing places, the publishers, the contact address, the up-to-date URL, and the brief introduction of these journals. The brief introduction of these journals consists of the years established, the development, the main topics and the languages and the contents of these journals, and the abstracts and the full papers in these journals, which can be for free obtained from web site.
