Since the mid-1990s, Airborne Video Systems (Airborne Videography) has been introduced andapplied in China. It consists of data capturing, data processing, spot investigations for disaster site andaerocraft. This article mainly discussed its applied approaches and the current situation of research andapplication in disaster monitoring production for Mason pine caterpillars (Dendrolimus punctatus Walker)and pine wood nematode disease(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Nickle) as well. It demonstrated that theintegrated monitoring system of Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System and Global PositioningSystem has characteristics of flexibility, convenience and low expense. It will exert a great influence overthe forest insects and disaster monitoring.
Based on image processing and software theory, the general design of object-oriented remotesensing image fusion system (RSIF) and wavelet transform fusion method are explored detailedly. On theplatform of ENVI/IDL, the software of the system has been developed, and the characteristics of which isdescribed. Finally, fusion of Land TM and SPOT remote sensing images are processed with ENVI/IDLand RSIF for comparison. The results show that this system has good qualities in processing speed, fusionprecision and operating convenience.
High-resolution remote sensing data have a lot of characteristics compared to the other remotesensing data. Object-oriented image classification can make the most of their advantages. Using thismethod, we classify IKONOS image data of Nanjing to realize accurate classification, evaluate theprecision of the classification results, and discuss the potential and restriction of this method in imageclassification so that providing new methods in the high-resolution remote sensing data classification.
N nutrition is one of the uppermost limitation factors for crop growth and yield. Precise andtimely monitoring or detection of crop N nutrient conditions is necessary for improving the efficiency of Nnutrition use and crop management, reducing environmental pollution caused by over nitrogen fertilizer application. In this paper the canopy reflectance spectra during the whole growing period on rice field plotstreated with different nitrogen levels were periodically and continually measured. LAI of rice of severalimportant growing periods was meanwhile measured. The results showed that rice canopy spectralreflectance of different growing periods changed regularly with the increase of nitrogen fertilizerapplication. The canopy spectral reflectance increased in 710～1 220 nm, while decreased in 460～680 nm.The varieties of canopy spectral reflectance under different nitrogen levels were analyzed and compared.The results showed that the canopy spectral reflectance was sensitive to nitrogen levels in 560～610 nmand 710～760 nm before milkfilling. After transforming canopy spectral reflectance to normalizeddifference vegetation index (NDVI), (R760-R560)/(R760+R560) was significantly different underdifferent nitrogen levels. Curves of LAI of rice treated with different nitrogen levels with time were aparabola shape, and the curves of LAI of rice treated with middle and low nitrogen levels changed gentlywhile treated with high nitrogen levels changed acutely. In addition, the correlation coefficient betweenLAI and canopy spectral reflectance was low before the heading period,however, was high after theheading period.
It was impossible to survey land use change at 1:10000 scale before the appearance of high-resolution remote sensing image. With the launching of SPOT5, 2.5 meter high-resolution remote sensingimage can be used. Furthermore, different remote sensing image fusion of the same area could be used toenrich the information about the interested areas, thus more accurate classification could be achieved. Atpresent image fusion had some basic methods to be discussed on remote sensing section: PCA, HIS,Brovey, and so on. In this paper PCA and HIS methods of image fusion were discussed for surveying landuse change at 1∶10 000 scale. At the same time, it showed the process and the combination of differentimage fusion methods that how to make 1∶10 000 scale land use change survey by testing a case. At last,it showed that this method or this application combination of fusion method led to better surveying areaaccuracy compared with other methods. So the results of this test showed the possibility of using SPOT52.5 meter high-resolution image to land use change survey at 1∶10 000 scale. Besides, this applicationcombination of fusion methods will be beneficial to rational selection of methods used in surveying land usechange.
Land surface temperature (LST) is an important factor in meteorology, hydrology and zoologyetc, most researches in these areas in China use LST data calculated from NOAA/AVHRR and MODIS data is seldom used. MODIS LST algorithm of NASA is precise and its error is less than 1K while it' scomplex and it' s not easy to use. In this paper two simple methods, statistical method and artificialneuronal network method, according to split window theory, are used to retrieve LST. The result showsthat the latter is more precise than the former and the error of 98.8% LST data is within〔-0.5 0.5〕K.While the precision of neuronal network can' t be promoted any more because of the complexity of landsurface type, meteorological conditions and so on. A LST formula T=24.393*b31-19.831*b32-0.0014*θ+245.145 which can be applied to Northeast area of Inner Mongolia is provided. A coarsevalidation shows that the result of this formula is reliable in common use.
Making signature file is the fundament of remote sensing imagery supervised classification basedon Idrisi for windows. In Idrisi, we generally create the spectral characteristic values from informationcontained in remote sensing images for training site polygons by the module of MAKESIG. It' s obviousthat the signature file cannot be obtained using the method provided by Idrisi if no training site images canbe obtained or category attribute of the images is unknown. This article firstly dissects the method ofmaking signature file in Idrisi and its file format. Then, a new approach of making signature file based ontraining site spectral characteristic values is proposed. Finally, as a case of application, using the approachproposed in this paper, the supervised classification of a frame of mutli-band TM images has beensuccessfully made, which illuminates the approach is feasible and effective.
The algorithm of self-organizing feature mapping neural network is analyzed and improved. Anew method based on SOFM codebook design for lossless compression of multispectral image is developed.This method combines vector quantization and classified prediction technique. At first, the multispectralimages are transformed to quantization form. Then, residual images are produced and predicted accordingto classified map. The method removes the intra-band spatial redundancy and the inter-band structural andstatistic redundancy, so the better compression results can be obtained. The experimental results by usingpractical 64-band multispectral images have shown that the lossless compression ratio achieved by themethod is not less than 3.2, better than LBG method.
Solar eclipse would result in an obvious shadow on satellite VIS imagery. In the shadow, thetype and the shape of cloud can not be distinguished correctly, which would have impact on analyzing andapplying the information of the satellite VIS imagery in practice, so it is very important to eliminate theeclipse shadow. In this paper, the theory of solar eclipse is given at first and then the radiant revisalfunction, which the satellite can receive the radiation from the earth, is given. Using the radiant revisalfunction, the eclipse shadow can be eliminated. Based on the point of image manipulation, using the graylevel coocurrence matrix and cloud texture feature quantities, such as contrast, entropy and correlation,the effect of the solar eclipse elimination can be estimated. The results show that the method is moreeffective, the alteration of the gray level coocurrence matrix and the contrast and the entropy indicated thatthe shadow has been eliminated primarily, the texture and structure of cloud system are trenchanter thanbefore , while the correlation of cloud system keeps unchanged.
With many airborne and space-borne imaging spectrometers were created and applied for remotesensing since the 1980s, a serious of basic image processing methodologies and spectral analysis methods ofminerals and rocks in laboratory, such as MNF, PPI, N-Dimensional Visualization, systematic spectral classification technique of rocks, and spectral multivariate statistic technique, probability certification analysis of mineral feature and MGM, have been developed. Technical methodologies, such as systematic spectral classification technique of rocks, and spectral multivariate statistic technique and MGM, forlaboratory spectral analysis of rocks and minerals were developed out, which are the strong technical basements for the complete mineral and rock mapping flow chart using hyperspectral remote sensing. Themajor approaches for rocks and minerals discrimination and mapping were addressed in the paper.Meanwhile, the paper emphasized that every approach had its advantage and shortage, the specificapproach selected must be tied to the objectives of the analysis. The development and applications ofhybrid methods and merging of data across wavelength ranges from the visible to the microwave willbecome more important in the future.
Applying the technique of web DSS(Decision Support System) to agriculture is a new tendency of application of information technology in agriculture. This paper introduces minutely AHASO (Anhui Agriculture Structure Optimization), a web DSS on regional agriculture structure optimization. The server end of AHASO can run on Windows 2000 with IIS component. The software was developed with client end functions for second developing of Geobeans, and other developing tools such as Html, javascript, vbscript, asp, VC++. Agriculture information database, function modules and user interface compose AHASO. With query module of AHASO, user can query natural and social agriculture resource information of Anhui province through defining spatial query scope on administrative map, or appointing target names in county name list. With inquiry module of AHASO, user can assess natural and social agriculture resources of Anhui province by AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process)method. With optimization module, user can make optimized agriculture development plan of Anhui province through giving different parameters to plan component to get different solutions and then selecting the best one from them. A planning case done with AHASO is presented here also. In this case, the 2000 year is the base year, the plan time length is 5 years, the plan target is the maximum of production, and 18 plan variables and 42 constraint conditions are defined. AHASO is just in elemental phase, an experimental software. It is necessary to improve in many aspects for business use. There are two major points need to do in future. One is the prediction of agriculture resources and using the result to plan procedure. The other is to convert the resource assessment and the plan module to completely spatial. That is to use spatial data in assessment and plan process and to show the result with map.
Based on COM technology of GIS the Jilin traffic GIS was developed. The sources of the data,contents, structure, functions of the system were introduced in detailed in this paper. The application ofthe system to transportation information management, transportation programming and distributiontransportation was discussed. Some key problems relating to the spatial data and the attribute data anddynamic segment, are discussed, and the solutions are put forward.
