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遥感技术与应用  2022, Vol. 37 Issue (5): 1179-1189    DOI: 10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2022.5.1179
海南遥感观测专栏     
基于分形的海南岛东寨港红树林景观空间结构变化研究
张颖(),朱忠礼(),焦晨泰
北京师范大学 地理科学学部,北京 100875
Analyzing the Spatial Structure Change of Landscape of Mangroves in Dongzhai Harbor based on Fractal
Ying Zhang(),Zhongli Zhu(),Chentai Jiao
Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
 全文: PDF(4032 KB)   HTML
摘要:

红树林湿地在维护近岸海域的生态环境,抵御海潮、台风自然灾害等方面具有重要作用。利用海南岛红树林遥感专题信息产品,基于分形理论中的豪斯道夫维数、景观稳定性指数和聚集维数,分析了1987—2017年海南岛东寨港自然保护区红树林景观空间结构的变化特征:①1987—2017年间,红树林景观面积整体增加,2017年总面积达到18.05 km2,且扩展方式主要为边缘扩展和内部联通。②红树林景观分布复杂度和稳定性在1987—2003年间整体下降,波动性较强,景观结构不稳定;在2003—2013年间稳步上升,斑块持续扩展,景观结构稳定发展;2013年后略有下降。③红树林景观增长有聚集中心,聚集维数为1.47,对周围红树林的增长有辐射性。东寨港红树林聚集分布区已达景观稳定状态,在保持抚育的基础上可适度开发其审美、生态功能,针对尚处于扩张等状态的红树林斑块,可持续进行扩种、抚育。

关键词: 红树林海南岛分形分维数聚集维数空间结构    
Abstract:

Mangrove wetlands play an important role in protecting coastal ecological environment and resisting natural disasters such as tides and typhoons. Based on Hausdorff dimension, stability index and aggregation dimension of Fractal theory, the change characteristics of mangrove landscape’s spatial structure in Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve of Hainan from 1987 to 2017 were analyzed by using mangrove remote sensing thematic information products. ①During 1987—2017, the total area of mangroves in Dongzhai Harbor showed an overall increasing trend. In 2017, the area of the mangroves reached 18.05 km2. The main expansion modes of mangrove landscape were marginal expansion and internal connection. ②During 1987—2003, the complexity and stability of mangrove landscape distribution showed a downward trend with strong dynamic, and the landscape structure was in an unstable state. During 2003—2013, the complexity and stability of landscape of mangroves gradually increased steadily, mangrove patches expanded and the landscape structure reached a steady state. After 2013, the complexity and stability of landscape of mangroves decreased slightly. ③Expansion of mangroves in Dongzhai Harbor is aggregate-centered and the aggregation dimension is 1.47. The aggregation centers have radiation effects to the growth of surrounding mangroves. The aggregated distribution area of mangroves in Dongzhai Harbor has reached a stable state of landscape development. Under the circumstances of maintaining and fostering properly, its aesthetic and ecological function can be developed moderately. While for those mangrove patches that are still expanding, sustainable development can be achieved through artificial afforesting and fostering.

Key words: Mangrove    Hainan island    Fractal    Fractal dimension    Aggregation dimension    Spatial structure
收稿日期: 2021-06-05 出版日期: 2022-12-13
ZTFLH:  S771.8  
通讯作者: 朱忠礼     E-mail: 201811051125@mail.bnu.edu.cn;zhuzl@bnu.edu.cn
作者简介: 张 颖(2001—),女,河南濮阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事自然灾害学研究。E?mail:201811051125@mail.bnu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

张颖,朱忠礼,焦晨泰. 基于分形的海南岛东寨港红树林景观空间结构变化研究[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2022, 37(5): 1179-1189.

Ying Zhang,Zhongli Zhu,Chentai Jiao. Analyzing the Spatial Structure Change of Landscape of Mangroves in Dongzhai Harbor based on Fractal. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2022, 37(5): 1179-1189.

链接本文:

http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2022.5.1179        http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V37/I5/1179

图1  1987—2017年东寨港红树林空间范围变化
年份面积/km2年变化率/km2·a-1累积变化量/km2
198715.55
199316.910.231.36
199816.12-0.160.57
200317.430.261.88
200718.030.152.48
201318.670.113.12
201718.05-0.162.50
表1  1987—2017年东寨港红树林分布面积
图2  1987—2017年东寨港红树林豪斯道夫维数lnN-lnr关系
年份

图斑数量

/个

图班平均面积

/km2

图斑面积标准差

/km2

相关系数

R

形状维数

D

稳定性指数SK
1987800.190.550.98**1.250.25
1993750.230.640.98**1.290.21
1998900.180.450.99**1.280.22
2003570.310.900.98**1.310.19
2007720.250.840.98**1.290.21
2013780.240.840.98**1.280.22
2017680.270.880.98**1.290.21
表2  1987—2017年东寨港红树林稳定性指数
图3  1987—2017年间红树林景观特征的变化

变化

类型

图斑个数

/个

斑块个数占比

/%

图斑平均面积

/km2

1987—2003年

图斑变化动态

稳定1526.320.29
扩张1628.070.80
萎缩35.260.26
碎化58.770.02
消失
新增1831.580.01
合计570.32

2003—2017年

图斑变化动态

稳定1826.470.62
扩张1014.700.49
萎缩1522.060.05
碎化1217.650.10
消失
新增1319.120.01
合计680.27
表3  1987—2017年间东寨港红树林斑块变化类型
图4  1987—2017年东寨港红树林面积、稳定性与NDVI变化
图5  1987—2017年东寨港红树林变化斑块分布
图6  1987—2017年东寨港红树林增长中心分布
图7  以1—4号点为中心的东寨港红树林增加量的聚集维数双对数坐标
图8  1987—2017年东寨港红树林变化的遥感影像(数据源自Google Earth Pro平台)
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