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遥感技术与应用  2023, Vol. 38 Issue (5): 1062-1070    DOI: 10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2023.5.1062
海南遥感观测专栏     
基于遥感的海南本岛植被覆盖度时空变化及其地形效应研究
吴虹蓉1,2,3,4(),朱岚巍1,2,3(),余恒5,施冬4
1.海南空天信息研究院 海南省地球观测重点实验室,海南 三亚 572029
2.可持续发展大数据国际研究中心,北京 100094
3.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 数字地球重点实验室,北京 100094
4.长江大学地球科学学院,湖北 武汉 430000
5.福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建 福州 350007
Study on the Spatial-Temporal Variation of Vegetation Cover and its Topographic Effect in Hainan Island based on Remote Sensing
Hongrong WU1,2,3,4(),Lanwei ZHU1,2,3(),Heng YU5,Dong SHI4
1.Hainan Key Laboratory of Earth Observation,Hainan Institute of Space Information,Sanya 572029,China
2.International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals,Beijing 100094,China
3.Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China
4.School of Earth Sciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430000,China
5.School of Geograpjical Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China
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摘要:

植被覆盖在维持生态系统结构稳定和防治水土流失等方面发挥着重要的作用,海南自1988年建省以来迅速发展,导致海南岛植被覆盖也产生了巨大的变化。为揭示海南本岛地形因子对植被覆盖度的影响以及为海南本岛进一步制定合理的生态环保策略提供依据,基于1988、1998、2008、2017和2020年Landsat-TM/OLI多光谱影像,以海南本岛为研究区域,采用归一化植被指数和像元二分模型进行植被覆盖度提取,通过线性趋势分析海南本岛近30 a植被覆盖变化特征。并结合30 m_DEM获取的海、坡度和坡向数据,来进一步探讨海南本岛植被覆盖度在不同地形因子条件下的空间分布特征。结果表明:①1988~2020年海南岛平均植被覆盖度介于0.58~0.88之间,整体呈先下降后上升趋势;②海南岛高植被覆盖主要分布于海南岛中部、西南部和东南部地区,低植被覆盖主要出现在居住区、沿海地区等人为干扰因素较高的地区;③海南岛各等级植被覆盖均随海拔的增加而不断降低,在海拔小于100 m的区域分布面积最大;坡度为0~5°时植被覆盖面积达到最大值,随着坡度的增加,植被覆盖面积呈减少趋势;各等级植被覆盖在阴坡和阳坡的分布面积变化差异不大,主要以高植被覆盖类型为主。

关键词: 植被覆盖度遥感海南本岛时空变化地形因子    
Abstract:

Vegetation cover plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the ecosystem and preventing the loss of water and soil. Hainan has developed in a rapid pace since its establishment as a province in 1988, which has led to tremendous changes in the vegetation cover across the Hainan Island. To shed light on the impact of topographic factors on the vegetation cover on the Hainan Island and provide a basis for a more reasonable ecological and environmental protection strategy for the island, this study targets the Hainan Island for research, and applies the normalized differential vegetation index and the dimidiate pixel model for the vegetation cover extraction based on the Landsat TM/OLI multispectral images of 1988, 1998, 2008 2017 and 2020, and provides a linear trend analysis in the characteristics of the vegetation cover changes on the Hainan Island in the last 30 years. Combined with the altitude, slope and aspect data obtained through 30m_DEM, it offers further explorations over the characteristics of the spatial distribution of vegetation cover on the Hainan Island with different topographic factors. The results show that: (1) The average vegetation cover on the Hainan Island from 1988 to 2020 is between 0.58~0.88, and the general trend is first downward and then upward; (2) High vegetation cover is mainly distributed in the central, southwestern and southeastern parts of the Hainan Island, while low vegetation cover mainly appears in areas of the island with man-made interference such as residential and coastal areas. (3) With the increase of altitude, the vegetation cover of various levels in the Hainan Island decreases, and the areas with an altitude of less than 100 meters have the largest vegetation cover; at 0~5° of the slope, the vegetation cover reaches the maximum, and with the increase of slope, the vegetation cover shrinks; and there is little difference in the vegetation cover between the shady and sunny slopes that are primarily characterized by high vegetation cover.

Key words: Fractional Vegetation Coverage(FVC)    Remote sensing    Hainan Island    Change of time and space    Topographic factors
收稿日期: 2022-06-30 出版日期: 2023-11-07
ZTFLH:  TP751  
基金资助: 海南省重点研发计划(2020)近岸珊瑚礁及其底栖环境的遥感精细观测研究项目(ZDYF2020030);广东省海洋遥感重点实验室开放课题区域尺度下的珊瑚礁精细识别遥感方法研究(2017B030301005?LORS1904)
通讯作者: 朱岚巍     E-mail: wuhr2022@163.com;zhulw@aircas.ac.cn
作者简介: 吴虹蓉(1996-),女,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要从事遥感应用研究。E?mail:wuhr2022@163.com
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引用本文:

吴虹蓉,朱岚巍,余恒,施冬. 基于遥感的海南本岛植被覆盖度时空变化及其地形效应研究[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2023, 38(5): 1062-1070.

Hongrong WU,Lanwei ZHU,Heng YU,Dong SHI. Study on the Spatial-Temporal Variation of Vegetation Cover and its Topographic Effect in Hainan Island based on Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2023, 38(5): 1062-1070.

链接本文:

http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2023.5.1062        http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V38/I5/1062

图1  研究区地理位置图 审图号:GS(2019)1822号
年份成像时间轨道号卫星传感器空间分辨率/m
1988年1988-06-08124-047Landsat5TM30
1988-06-08123-046Landsat5TM30
1988-06-08123-047Landsat5TM30
1988-06-15124-046Landsat5TM30
1998年1998-01-02124-047Landsat5TM30
1998-01-11123-047Landsat5TM30
1998-04-24124-046Landsat5TM30
1998-08-23123-046Landsat5TM30
1998-09-22125-047Landsat5TM30
2008年2008-08-25124-047Landsat5TM30
2009-10-08123-046Landsat5TM30
2009-10-24123-047Landsat5TM30
2010-03-24124-046Landsat5TM30
2017年2015-11-17124-046Landsat8OLI30
2015-11-17124-047Landsat8OLI30
2016-06-08123-046Landsat8OLI30
2017-03-02125-046Landsat8OLI30
2017-04-21123-047Landsat8OLI30
2017-04-26125-047Landsat8OLI30
2020年2020-05-06124-046Landsat8OLI30
2020-05-31123-046Landsat8OLI30
2020-07-16125-047Landsat8OLI30
2020-06-07124-047Landsat8OLI30
2019-07-16123-047Landsat8OLI30
表1  卫星参数表
图2  技术路线图
等级海拔/m坡度坡向
1<100平坡地平地
2100~300缓坡地阴坡
3300~500斜坡地半阴坡
4500~800陡坡地半阳坡
5800~1 000急坡地阳坡
6>1 000险坡地
表2  海南岛地形因子分级表
图3  海南岛地形因子分级图
图4  1988~2020年海南岛平均植被覆盖度变化趋势
图5  不同等级植被覆盖度年际变化图
图6  1988~2020年海南岛平均植被覆盖度空间分布
图7  不同等级植被覆盖度空间分布变化图
图8  海南岛不同海拔的植被覆盖度面积占比
图9  海南岛不同坡度的植被覆盖度面积占比
图10  海南岛不同坡向的植被覆盖度面积占比
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