1993~2016年喜马拉雅山西段杰纳布流域冰川变化遥感监测

doi:10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2020.3.0712

遥感技术与应用

2020, Vol. 35

Issue (3): 712-722 DOI: 10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2020.3.0712

遥感应用

1993~2016年喜马拉雅山西段杰纳布流域冰川变化遥感监测

寇勇^1,²(

),王宁练^1,^2,³(

),陈安安^1,²,刘凯^1,²

^1.陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室，陕西西安 710127
^2.西北大学城市与环境学院地表系统与灾害研究院，陕西西安 710127
^3.中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心，北京 100101

Monitoring Variation of Glaciers based on Remote Sensing Images in the Chenab Basin，Western-Himalaya，1993~2016

Yong Kou^1,²(

),Ninglian Wang^1,^2,³(

),An’an Chen^1,²,Kai Liu^1,²

^1.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Erath Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity，Xi’an 710127, China
^2.Northwest University The College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Institute of Surface Systems and Disasters，Xi’an 710127, China
^3.Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

全文: PDF(4428 KB) HTML

摘要：

基于Landsat TM/ETM+及OLI遥感影像，对喜马拉雅山西段杰纳布流域冰川面积进行提取，对冰川时空分布特征及其变化分析，并结合周边气象台站及CRU再分析资料气温、降水量资料对研究区冰川变化原因进行讨论。结果表明：①1993~2016年杰纳布流域冰川面积萎缩了164.56±161.72 km²，占总面积的5.78%，年均萎缩率为0.25±0.25 %·a^-1，且在2000年后加快萎缩；②杰纳布流域冰川在各个朝向和海拔带上均呈萎缩趋势，其中S朝向冰川面积萎缩率最大，占研究区冰川萎缩总面积的24.35%； 4 600~4 800 m和4 800~5 000 m两个海拔高度带冰川面积近23 a分别减少了29.93 km²和30.91 km²，占流域冰川面积萎缩总量的17.72%和18.30%；③1993~2016年杰纳布流域共有28条冰川末端发生不同程度的前进现象；④对狮泉河和Srinagar气象站及CRU再分析资料气温、降水量变化分析表明，1993~2016年该区域年均气温呈显著上升是杰纳布流域冰川萎缩的主要原因。

关键词： 冰川变化; 喜马拉雅山; 杰纳布流域; 遥感监测

Abstract:

Based on Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI remote sensing images，the glacier boundaries in the Chenab basin of western Himalayas in three periods were manually delineated with visual interpretation method, and the characteristics of glacier variation were also analyzed with the temperature and precipitation of the surrounding meteorological stations and CRU reanalysis data．The results show that: ①From 1993 to 2016,the glaciers area in Chenab basin decreased 164.56±161.72 km²，accounting for 5.78% of the total area. The annul average shrinkage rate is 0.25±0.25 %·a^-1 and it accelerated shrinking after 2000. ②The glaciers in the Chenab basin have shrinked in all orientations and altitudes. Among them, S orientation glaciers has the maximum shrinkage rate, accounting for 24.35% of the total area of glacial shrinkage. The glaciers areas between 4 600~4 800 m and 4 800~5 000 m is reduced 29.93 km² and 30.91 km² near 23 a,accounting for 17.72% and 18.30% of the total shrinkage of the glacier area in the basin respectively. ③From 1993 to 2016, there were 28 different glaciers had advanced in the Chenab basin. ④Analysis of temperature and precipitation changes in the two meteorological stations of Shiquan river and Srinagar and CRU reanalysis data shows that the average annual temperature in the region increased significantly from 1993 to 2016 caused glacier retreat.

Key words: Glacier change Himalayas mountains Chenab basin Remote sensing monitoring

收稿日期: 2018-12-19 出版日期: 2020-07-10

ZTFLH:

TP79

基金资助: 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404302);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19070302);中国科学院“一带一路”科技合作专项(131C11KYSB20160061)

通讯作者: 王宁练 E-mail: kouyong1013@163.com;nlwang@nwu.edu.cn

作者简介: 寇勇（1995-），男，甘肃平凉人，硕士研究生，主要从事冰冻圈变化遥感研究。E?mail:kouyong1013@163.com

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引用本文:

寇勇,王宁练,陈安安,刘凯. 1993~2016年喜马拉雅山西段杰纳布流域冰川变化遥感监测[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2020, 35(3): 712-722.

Yong Kou,Ninglian Wang,An’an Chen,Kai Liu. Monitoring Variation of Glaciers based on Remote Sensing Images in the Chenab Basin，Western-Himalaya，1993~2016. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2020, 35(3): 712-722.

链接本文:

http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2020.3.0712 或 http://www.rsta.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V35/I3/712

表1 遥感影像属性

图1 杰纳布流域概况图审图号：GS(2016)2556

图2 目视解译的冰川边界

表2 不同时段杰纳布流域冰川面积变化

表3 杰纳布流域不同规模冰川的数量和面积

图3 不同规模冰川面积变化率

图4 杰纳布流域各朝向冰川数量与面积变化情况

图5 杰纳布流域不同朝向冰川面积分布及萎缩率

图6 杰纳布流域不同海拔冰川面积变化

图7 前进冰川的运动情况

图8 邻近气象站年平均气温及降水量变化

图9 杰纳布流域CRU资料年平均气温和降水量变化

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